|
TRAINS: Non-Tariff Measures (NTMs) based on official regulations
Over the years, multilateral trade negotiations have helped to substantially reduce tariff rates. Non-tariff measures (NTMs) cover sanitary and phyto-sanitary standards (SPS), technical barriers to trade (TBT), import and export licensing, export restrictions, customs surcharges, anti-dumping and safeguard measures, among others. While tariffs have been reduced, the number of NTMs is increasing and is often blamed to be a source of the lack of integration in ASEAN. However, unlike tariffs, NTMs could play a role of check and balance for the quality of goods. In spite of their growing importance in regulating trade, the exact impact of NTMs on trade flows is not very well understood. There is an urgent need to develop a better understanding and transparency of existing NTMs.
The Economic Research Institute for ASEAN and East Asia (ERIA) and UNCTAD collected and classified NTMs in the 10 ASEAN countries (Brunei Darussalam, Cambodia, Indonesia, Lao PDR, Malaysia, Myanmar, the Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, and Viet Nam). We worked on all regulations and official documents including international conventions adopted by countries which were in effect by January 2015. The project consists of two phases: NTM data collection (the data were released in January 2016) and country report (April 2016) and data analyses on how NTMs will affect trade in the region (January 2017). The project aims to (i) collect, validate, and store NTM data from official sources; (ii) improve the general understanding of these measures and their impact on world trade; and (iii) provide insights on NTMs in 10 countries.
The project is led by Lili Yan Ing (ERIA) and Santiago Fernandez de Cordoba (UNCTAD). The core team consists of Michelle Ayu Chinta Kristy, Rizqy Anandhika, Chi Le Ngo, Maxim Gubarev, Fabien Dumesnil, and Denise Penello Rial. The project is advanced by supervision and comments from Shujiro Urata (ERIA), Ralf Peters (UNCTAD), Olivier Cadot (Lausanne University), Ponciano Intal Jr. (ERIA), and Guillermo Valles Galmez (UNCTAD).
The project also significantly benefited from the supervision and support of ASEAN Senior Economic officials and government officials at in line ministries and agencies working on NTMs, particularly Rebecca Fatimah (MITI Malaysia), Sulaimah Mahmood (MTI Singapore), Donna Gultom (MOT Indonesia), Phuong Van Hoang (MIT Vietnam), Mark Ng (MTI Singapore). Along the way of conducting the project, we presented the initial work at the ASEAN’s Senior Economic Officials Meeting in August 2015 and the preliminary findings at ASEAN’s High Level Task Force in January 2016 and East Asian Senior Officials Meeting in April 2016. ERIA and UNCTAD sincerely thank the 10 ASEAN governments for their intellectual and financial contribution and kind co-operation to succeed the project. ASEAN has successfully led in improving transparency of NTMs. UNCTAD acknowledges financial support for its NTM programme (partners and donors) including the "NTM data collection for TPP countries" project supported by GRIPS. The research fund for the “Non-Tariff Measures in ASEAN” project provided by ERIA (RA-001-001-406) is gratefully acknowledged.
The successful work would not have been possible without the invaluable work of the ASEAN national teams consisting of the following economists and government officials:
Country |
Team |
Institution |
|
|
|
Brunei Darussalam |
Christina Ruth Elisabeth |
Centre for Inclusive and Sustainable Development, Prasetiya Mulya |
|
Mohammad Yusri Yahya |
Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade |
|
Noramali Dato Jumat |
Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade |
|
|
|
Cambodia |
Chap Sotarith |
Cambodian Institute for Cooperation and Peace |
|
Christina Ruth Elisabeth |
Centre for Inclusive and Sustainable Development, Prasetiya Mulya |
|
Anika Widiana |
Centre for Inclusive and Sustainable Development, Prasetiya Mulya |
|
Neth Naro |
Cambodian Institute for Cooperation and Peace |
|
Uy Rithymony |
Ministry of Economic and Finance |
|
|
|
Indonesia |
Ernawati Munadi |
Wijaya Kusuma University |
|
Indah Rahayu |
Independent consultant |
|
Zamroni Salim |
Lembaga Pengembangan Ilmu dan Pengetahuan Indonesia |
|
Titis Kusuma Lestari |
Ministry of Trade |
|
Ayu Sinta Saputri |
Ministry of Trade |
|
|
|
Lao PDR |
Amphaphone Sayasenh |
National Economic Research Institute |
|
Saygnasak Sengaloun |
National Economic Research Institute |
|
Phonesavanh Sittideth |
National Economic Research Institute |
|
Sonemala Nouanthasing |
Ministry of Commerce and Industry |
|
Vangchai Vang |
Ministry of Commerce and Industry |
|
|
|
Malaysia |
Evelyn Shyamala Devadason |
University of Malaya |
|
VGR Chandran |
University of Malaya |
|
Tang Tuck Cheong |
University of Malaya |
|
Mr Ezral Uzaimi |
Ministry of International Trade and Industry |
|
|
|
Myanmar |
Zin Zin Naing |
Yangon University of Economics |
|
Cho Cho Thein |
Yangon University of Economics |
|
Win Min Phyoe |
Ministry of Commerce |
|
|
|
Philippines |
Loreli de Dios |
Centre for the Advancement of Trade Integration and Facilitation |
|
Paul Feliciano |
Centre for the Advancement of Trade Integration and Facilitation |
|
Sherwin Castaneda |
Department of Trade and Industry |
|
|
|
Singapore |
Hank Lim |
Singapore Institute of International Affairs |
|
Anika Widiana |
Centre for Inclusive and Sustainable Development, Prasetiya Mulya |
|
Bernard AW |
Singapore Institute of International Affairs |
|
Government officials |
Ministry of Trade and Industry |
|
|
|
Thailand |
Chedtha Intaravitak |
Thailand Development Research Institute |
|
Nuttawut Laksanapanyakul |
Thailand Development Research Institute |
|
Urairat Jantarasiri |
Thailand Development Research Institute |
|
Maichanok Krapookthong |
Thailand Development Research Institute |
|
Wittawat Prayookwong |
The Office of National Economic and Social Development Board |
|
Chalee Khansiri |
Ministry of Commerce |
|
|
|
Viet Nam |
Vo Tri Thanh |
Central Institute for Economic Management |
|
Anh Duong Nguyen |
Central Institute for Economic Management |
|
Tran Binh Minh |
Central Institute for Economic Management |
|
Phuong Van Hoang |
Ministry of Industry and Trade |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Choose one of the following options:
| |
|
|
TABLES by PRODUCTS
-
Look at the incidence of NTMs by HS sections and chapters, and by country imposing the measure.
-
See individual measures by simply clicking on any number in the tables!
-
This option does not allow a selection of products.
|
|
TABLES by MEASURE
-
Look at the incidence of NTMs by country imposing the measure.
-
This option does not allow a selection of products.
|
|
TABLES by COUNTRIES
-
Look at the incidence of NTMs by country and geographical regions.
-
See individual measures by simply clicking on any number in the tables!
|
|
DETAILED QUERY
-
Select any combination of the five criteria: type of NTM, dates, country imposing, country affected, and product. Get tabular listing of NTMs.
-
Drill down for additional details.
-
Export summary and detailed NTM information.
|
|
ANALYSIS
-
You can see and select stocks or flows of Non-Tariff Measures (NTMs), by type of measure.
-
See individual measures by simply clicking on any bar in the graphs!
-
This option does not allow the selection of country or product affected.
|
Through any of the five options above you obtain a summary table with measures by country, product and type of measure; by drilling-down you will find a table with detailed information of individual measures, where, through links, you can get the document relevant to each measure. You can export data at the summary or at the detailed level.
| |
| | |
|
| | |
|
Country imposing
Partner affected
Product affected
| |
| | |
| | |
|
- NTM data for the 10 ASEAN countries
- Brunei Darussalam
- Cambodia
- Indonesia
- Laos
- Malaysia
- Myanmar
- Philippines
- Singapore
- Thailand
- Vietnam
| |
| | |
|
The i-TIP software has been developed by the WTO (i-tip.wto.org) for members' notifications and made available to UNCTAD to disseminate collected official NTM data. The United Nations gratefully acknowledge this. An objective of both organizations is to provide free access to the most comprehensive, up-to-date and highest quality non-tariff measure data.
|
|